OpenAI said it has taken steps to effectively clarify and address the issues raised; an age soho cycle verification tool was implemented to ensure users are at least 13 years old. Italian regulators assert that ChatGPT was exposing minors to age-inappropriate content, and that OpenAI's use of ChatGPT conversations as training data could violate Europe's General Data Protection Regulation. ChatGPT also provided an outline of how human reviewers are trained to reduce inappropriate content and to attempt to provide political information without affiliating with any political position. ChatGPT gained one million users in five days and 100 million in two months, becoming the fastest-growing internet application in history. In The Atlantic magazine's "Breakthroughs of the Year" for 2022, Derek Thompson included ChatGPT as part of "the generative-AI eruption" that "may change our mind about how we work, how we think, and what human creativity is".
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- In October 2025, OpenAI launched ChatGPT Atlas, a browser integrating the ChatGPT assistant directly into web navigation, to compete with existing browsers such as Google Chrome and Apple’s Safari.
- ChatGPT’s Mandarin Chinese abilities were lauded, but the ability of the AI to produce content in Mandarin Chinese in a Taiwanese accent was found to be "less than ideal" due to differences between mainland Mandarin Chinese and Taiwanese Mandarin.
- The user can interrupt tasks or provide additional instructions as needed.
- These rankings were used to create "reward models" that were used to fine-tune the model further by using several iterations of proximal policy optimization.
The FTC asked OpenAI for comprehensive information about its technology and privacy safeguards, as well as any steps taken to prevent the recurrence of situations in which its chatbot generated false and derogatory content about people. ChatGPT has never been publicly available in China because OpenAI prevented Chinese users from accessing their site. In September 2025, following the suicide of a 16-year-old, OpenAI said it planned to add restrictions for users under 18, including the blocking of graphic sexual content and the prevention of flirtatious talk. The ChatGPT-generated avatar told the people, "Dear friends, it is an honor for me to stand here and preach to you as the first artificial intelligence at this year's convention of Protestants in Germany". In an industry survey, cybersecurity professionals argued that it was attributable to cybercriminals' increased use of generative artificial intelligence (including ChatGPT). In January 2023, the International Conference on Machine Learning banned any undocumented use of ChatGPT or other large language models to generate any text in submitted papers.
Despite this, users may "jailbreak" ChatGPT with prompt engineering techniques to bypass these restrictions. … It's also a way to understand the "hallucinations", or nonsensical answers to factual questions, to which large language models such as ChatGPT are all too prone. In one instance, ChatGPT generated a rap in which women and scientists of color were asserted to be inferior to white male scientists. The reward model of ChatGPT, designed around human oversight, can be over-optimized and thus hinder performance, in an example of an optimization pathology known as Goodhart's law.
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ChatGPT's Mandarin Chinese abilities were lauded, but the ability of the AI to produce content in Mandarin Chinese in a Taiwanese accent was found to be "less than ideal" due to differences between mainland Mandarin Chinese and Taiwanese Mandarin. None of the tested services were a perfect replacement for a fluent human translator. In December 2023, the Albanian government decided to use ChatGPT for the rapid translation of European Union documents and the analysis of required changes needed for Albania's accession to the EU. ChatGPT (based on GPT-4) was better able to translate Japanese to English when compared to Bing, Bard, and DeepL Translator in 2023.
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The fine-tuning process involved supervised learning and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). These issues have led to its use being restricted in some workplaces and educational institutions and have prompted widespread calls for the regulation of artificial intelligence. It can generate plausible-sounding but incorrect or nonsensical answers known as hallucinations. Despite its acclaim, the chatbot has been criticized for its limitations and potential for unethical use. At the same time, its release prompted extensive media coverage and public debate about the nature of creativity and the future of knowledge work.
The Pro launch coincided with the release of the o1 model, providing unlimited access to o1 and advanced voice mode. In September 2025, OpenAI added a feature called Pulse, which generates a daily analysis of a user's chats and connected apps such as Gmail and Google Calendar. ChatGPT is frequently used for translation and summarization tasks, and can simulate interactive environments such as a Linux terminal, a multi-user chat room, or simple text-based games such as tic-tac-toe. It is designed to generate human-like text and can carry out a wide variety of tasks. ChatGPT is a chatbot and AI assistant built on large language model (LLM) technology. OpenAI's outsourcing partner was Sama, a training-data company based in San Francisco, California.
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In December 2023, ChatGPT became the first non-human to be included in Nature's 10, an annual listicle curated by Nature of people considered to have made significant impact in science. A 2023 study reported that GPT-4 obtained a better score than 99% of humans on the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. The company announced a slew of generative AI-powered features to counter OpenAI and Microsoft. Google's Bard (now Gemini) launched on February 6, 2023, one day before Microsoft's announcement of Bing Chat (now Microsoft Copilot).
These labels were used to train a model to detect such content in the future. To build a safety system against harmful content (e.g., sexual abuse, violence, racism, sexism), OpenAI used outsourced Kenyan workers earning around $1.32 to $2 per hour to label such content. These rankings were used to create "reward models" that were used to fine-tune the model further by using several iterations of proximal policy optimization. The ethics of its development, particularly the use of copyrighted content as training data, have also drawn controversy.
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Between March and April 2023, Il Foglio published one ChatGPT-generated article a day on its website, hosting a special contest for its readers in the process. The chatbot technology can improve security by cyber defense automation, threat intelligence, attack identification, and reporting. In July 2024, Futurism reported that GPT-4o in ChatGPT would sometimes link "scam news sites that deluge the user with fake software updates and virus warnings"; these pop-ups can be used to coerce users into downloading malware or potentially unwanted programs. Chris Granatino, a librarian at Seattle University, noted that while ChatGPT can generate content that seemingly includes legitimate citations, in most cases those citations are not real or largely incorrect.
The Guardian questioned whether any content found on the Internet after ChatGPT's release "can be truly trusted" and called for government regulation. In December 2022, the question-and-answer website Stack Overflow banned the use of ChatGPT for generating answers to questions, citing the factually ambiguous nature of its responses. It found that 52% of the responses contained inaccuracies and 77% were verbose. One study analyzed ChatGPT's responses to 517 questions about software engineering or computer programming posed on Stack Overflow for correctness, consistency, comprehensiveness, and concision. ChatGPT has been used to generate introductory sections and abstracts for scientific articles. Andrew Ng argued that "it's a mistake to fall for the doomsday hype on AI—and that regulators who do will only benefit vested interests." Yann LeCun dismissed doomsday warnings of AI-powered misinformation and existential threats to the human race.
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In November 2023, OpenAI launched GPT-4 Turbo with a 128,000 token context window. A study presented example attacks on ChatGPT, including jailbreaks and reverse psychology. ChatGPT is programmed to reject prompts that may violate its content policy. The term "hallucination" as applied to LLMs is distinct from its meaning in psychology, and the phenomenon in chatbots is more similar to confabulation or bullshitting.